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《安定卫的残破与部众迁徙觅踪——兼论安定卫与裕固族形成的关系》

作  者:高启安
     兰州商学院 艺术学院 兰州 730020
出  处:西北民族大学学报 2004年4期
发表时间:2004-04-01
文  摘:
明代安定卫的残破和裕固族形成有密切关系。安定卫被残破后,卫众分为三种情况东迁、流徙(流浪迁徙):一是被亦不剌等裹胁,随同活动,最后定居于青海、甘肃天祝等地,融入土族;二是依他卫居牧,随他卫东迁;三是东迁肃州南山一带。其中以“红帽子”见于史料的安定遗众,源于蒙古族,属四卫之“阿真”部,明代史料称为“阿骄”,先是被土鲁番“收捕”,后东迁至祁连山,与嘉靖七年东迁之罕东左卫帖木哥等部发生冲突,迁居皇城,被入青之套部蒙古裹胁,在青海一带活动,最后融入土族。其居住在肃州南山的一部,明代史料称作“哈剌秃”,成为裕固族之一部分。裕固族“大头目”家非(不是)安定王系,姓“安帐”,并非源于安定卫之“安定”,也非“罕东”之音转。
关键词:安定卫 迁徙 觅踪

[中图分类号] [文献标示码]A [文章编号]

The Brokenness of Garrison Anding and the Tracing of Its Folks’ Migration

----Also On the Relationship Between Garrison Anding and the Formation of the Yugu Nationality

Gao Qi’an

Abstract: The brokenness of Garrison Anding of Ming Dynasty is closely related with the formation of the Yugu Nationality. The folks of Garrison Anding migrated and roved in three situations when it was broken: first, they were coerced by Yibula, lived together with them and settled down in Qinghai and Tianzhu Gansu and blended into the Tu Nationality; second, they attached themselves to other garrisons and moved eastward together with these garrisons; third, they migrated east to Nanshan Suzhou. The folks of Garrison Anding named Hongmaozi in historical literature originated from the Mongol Nationality and belonged to Tribe Azhen of the four garrisons. This tribe, called Ajiao in the historical literature in Ming Dynasty, was first captured by Tulufan and migrated east to Qilian Mountain, where they had conflicts with Tribe Tiemuge of Garrison Handongzuo that migrated east in the seventh year of Jiajing and moved to Huangcheng, where they were coerced by the Mongolians in Qinghai and lived in Qinghai and finally blended into the Tu Nationality. The tribe living in Nanshan Suzhou, called Halatu in the historical literature of Ming Dynasty, became part of Yugu Nationality. The family of Datoumu of Yugu Nationality was not descended from Andingwang, the king of Garrison Anding, and the surname Anzhang did not originate from the pronunciation “Anding”, nor was it the transferred pronunciation of “Handong”.

Key words: Garrison Anding migration tracing

参考链接:
  · http://www.tanghistory.net/data/articles/d02/473.html
关 键 词:安定卫 迁徙 觅踪
正  文:
安定卫的残破、流徙与东迁,和裕固族的形成有密切的关系,这是学者们的共识。[1]安定卫残破及东迁原因,史料记载得也比较清楚,裕固族民间也有一些生动传说:一是各卫之间的冲突和卫众内讧[2];二是明军的征伐[3];三是蒙古鄂尔多斯部亦不剌、阿尔秃 ……
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参考文献:
[1]明史·西域二·土鲁番[M]

[2]高自厚.明代的关西七卫及其东迁[J],兰州大学学报1986,(1)

[3]高自厚.裕固族“安姓”来源考查——浅谈裕固族中的“安”姓与明代安定王的关系[j],甘肃民族研究,1990,(3-4)。

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[13][明]严从简著、余思黎点校.殊域周咨录卷14:“安定、阿端”。北京:中华书局,1993.

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[22]钱伯泉.裕固族的故地“西至——哈至”考察[J],甘肃民族研究,1994,(2).

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[26][明]张雨.边政考·卷9·西羌族口[M],“中华文史丛书”本,台湾华文书局,据嘉靖刻本影印.

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[28]甘肃省图书馆.西北民族宗教史料文摘·青海分册(上)[C].兰州:甘肃省图书馆印.

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[31]明史·卷330·西域传二·安定卫[M].

[32]明史·卷330·西域传二·安定卫[M].

[33]明史》·卷330·西域传二·罕东左卫[M].

[34]肃南裕固族自治县概况[M]P30,兰州:甘肃民族出版社,1984.

[35]高自厚.裕固族“安姓”来源考查——浅谈裕固族中的“安”姓与明代安定王的关系[j],《甘肃民族研究》1990年3-4期。

[36]高自厚、贺红梅.裕固族大头目部落与大头目世袭[j],甘肃民族研究2000.4.

[37]胡小鹏.元明敦煌与裕固族的历史关系[j],敦煌研究1999.4.

[38] 高自厚、贺红梅.裕固族大头目部落与大头目世袭[j],甘肃民族研究2000.4.

[39]高启安.赤斤蒙古卫、罕东左卫部众内徙、安置与裕固族各部关系探[j](待刊).

[40][明]张雨.边政考·卷9·西羌族口[M], “中华文史丛书”本,台湾:华文书局,据嘉靖刻本影印.

[41]薛文波.裕固族历史初探(下)[j],西北民族学院学报1981.3.
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